Coffee is a popular beverage made from the roasted seeds (beans) of the coffee tree. Coffee is also an important agricultural raw material.

The main types of coffee include Arabica (Coffea arabica) and Robusta (Coffea canephora).

• Arabica: Considered to be of higher quality, with a mild and aromatic flavor, it accounts for about 60-70% of world production.
• Robusta: It has a stronger and more bitter flavor, contains more caffeine, and accounts for about 30-40% of world production.

• Cultivation: Coffee trees are grown in tropical and subtropical regions that require certain conditions – high temperatures and abundant rainfall.
• Harvesting: The berries (coffee cherries) are harvested by hand or mechanically.
• Processing: There are several processing methods, including dry, wet and semi-moist methods, after which the beans are roasted to the desired degree.

• Beverages: The main use is in the preparation of beverages (espresso, Americano, latte, cappuccino, etc.).
• Products: Coffee beans are also used to produce caffeine products and extracts.
• Cosmetics and pharmaceuticals: Coffee extracts are used in cosmetics and food supplements.

Brazil (largest producer of Arabica), Vietnam (largest producer of Robusta), Colombia, Indonesia, Ethiopia.

Coffee is one of the most traded commodities on world markets, having a significant impact on the economies of producing countries.