These are residues from metalworking processes, containing mainly non-metallic inclusions and mineral residues after ore beneficiation. Slags can be used in construction or as secondary raw materials for the extraction of valuable components.

Water-saturated industrial waste containing solids and dissolved substances. Sludges often require special treatment before disposal or recycling.

These are materials with a high content of valuable metals or minerals obtained after flotation or other methods of ore dressing. Concentrates require further processing to extract valuable components.

These are residual materials generated after the extraction or purification of metals (e.g., gold, silver) from their raw materials. Waste materials may include filtration sludge, electrolytic precipitates and other untreated materials.